A product profile by Lipid Nutrition

Innovations in lipids for weight management

More people are now overweight than ever before. Overweight can cause issues with one’s self-image, but more importantly it also poses a considerable health risk. In the face of this threat that is affecting the health of an increasing number of people, there is a significant and rapidly growing market for food products that helps to tackle this problem. Currently, the weight loss segment is already one of the largest health condition markets in the United States, with an expected market growth of almost 5%. Appetite suppressants now account for 13% of the U.S. slimming aids market.

Expertise from the Netherlands: Lipid Nutrition B.V.

In the Netherlands, Lipid Nutrition B.V. builds on Loders Croklaan’s experience — over 110 years — in developing and producing specialty fats and oils. Its R&D expertise in this sector is unmatched, which makes it possible to create scientifically sound lipid ingredients targeted to specific needs.

Lipid Nutrition innovates and markets scientifically sound, natural, lipid ingredients that improve and maintain health and well-being. These ingredients are studied in close collaboration with research institutions and universities in the Netherlands. The company also provides expert advice and assistance regarding the application, processing, laboratory analysis, marketing and legislation of functional ingredients and their products. Lipid Nutrition holds a strong global position in weight management products. Two examples are described here.

Clarinol^TM CLA — Decrease in abdominal fat promotes health and well-being

Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) is an effective natural ingredient against the ever-increasing obesity epidemic, as demonstrated in several human trials. A meta-analysis of studies (1) by renowned institutes clearly confirms that CLA can play a role unrivalled by any other ingredient on the market today in producing desired results in terms of weight maintenance and decrease in body fat mass — especially where it matters most, in the legs and abdomen (2) — as well as improved muscle mass and body shaping. CLA seems to work most optimally in combination with a healthy diet and exercise. Since its initial discovery in l987, CLA has been extensively studied. Since then, many additional beneficial effects have been demonstrated, such as the effects on cardiovascular disease, inflammatory diseases, diabetes, osteoporosis and body composition. In total, more than 1,400 scientific papers on CLA have appeared since 1987. As a result, a large body of evidence exists on the weight management benefits of CLA in both animals and humans, making CLA the best researched and documented ingredient aimed at weight maintenance.

PinnoThin^TM — Influencing your appetite

Another strategy in weight control is appetite control through natural appetite suppressants. PinnoThin™, developed and patented by Lipid Nutrition, is a 100% natural, vegetable-based product that works by targeting weight gain at the source. By promoting a feeling of fullness, it can help to reduce food consumption.

It is based on pine nut oil derived from the nuts of the native Korean pine tree, Pinus koraiensis. The oil of these particular nuts contains more than 92% of poly- and mono-unsaturated fatty acids. It is especially rich in very long chain fatty acids such as pinolenic acid. Pinolenic acid is an omega-6 fatty acid (C18:3 - 5,9,12) which has double bonds in the cis configuration. Korean pine nuts contain about 40 times more pinolenic acid than, for example, Italian stone pine nuts.

Appetite is a complex mechanism, controlled by many different factors. One of the most important factors is the role played by hormones. These send messages to our brains, either triggering or reducing feelings of hunger. PinnoThin™ works by stimulating the release of the hunger-suppressing hormone, CCK (cholecystokinin). This hormone sends signals of satiation to the brain, which can help to reduce prospective food intake.

Two studies (3,4) tested the effects of PinnoThin™’s active ingredient, the Korean pine nut oil (Pinus koraiensis), on satiety hormones and food intake. Both studies evaluated the effects of PinnoThin™ FFA, PinnoThin™ TG and a placebo. Visual Analogue Scales (VAS) was used to measure participants’ degree of hunger, desire to eat, perception of how much they thought they could eat, fullness and satiety.

The studies show that PinnoThin™ increases the release of the satiety hormone cholecystokinin (CCK). They also showed that PinnoThin™ FFA, the form in which PinnoThin™ TG is broken down after consumption, increased the release of another satiety hormone, glucagon-like peptide1 (GLP1). Both hormones send signals of satiety to the brain and are essential in regulating food intake. The results from both studies confirm PinnoThin™’s appetitesuppressing benefits.

More research is needed on appetite-suppressing functional ingredients to fully understand their effect on satiety in order to determine optimal delivery forms and administration times. Lipid Nutrition is continuing research on this as well as on PinnoThin™’s unique satiety benefits.

Suitable for food applications

Clarinol™ and PinnoThin™ are both available as an oil and powder, which means they are suitable for a wide variety of applications, from dietary supplements to foods  and beverages.

In the U.S., the Expert Panel concluded that Clarinol™ CLA triglycerides is GRAS (July 2008). A final conclusion by the European Commission and Member States on Novel Food registration will probably be reached in early 2010. PinnoThin™ triglyceride (TG) is regarded as GRAS in the U.S. It is not a Novel Food and it is fully allowed for use in food and food supplements within the EU.

Contact Details: John Kurstjens Global Group Manager, Marketing Lipid Nutrition info@lipidnutrition.com www.lipidnutrition.com www.Clarinol.com www.PinnoThin.com

References

1. Whigham L, Watras A, Schoeller D. Efficacy of conjugated linoleic acid for reducing fat mass: A meta-analysis in humans, Amer. J. Nutr. 2007, 85, 1203-11
2. Gaullier JM, Halse J, Høivik HO, Høye K, Syvertsen C, Nurminiemi M, Hassfeld C, Einerhand A, O’Shea M and Gudmundsen O. Six months supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid induces regional-specific fat mass decreases in overweight and obese, British Journal of Nutrition, 2007, 97, 550-560
3. Pasman WJ, Heimerikx J, Rubingh CM, van den Berg R, O’Shea M, Gambelli L, Hendriks HFJ, Einerhand AWC, Scott C, Keizer HG, Mennen LI. The effect of Korean pine nut oil on in vitro CCK release, on appetite sensations and on gut hormones in post-menopausal overweight women. Lipids in Health and Disease 2008, 7:10
4. Hughes GM, Boyland EJ, Williams NJ, Mennen L, Scott C, Kirkham TC, Harrold JA, Keizer HG, Halford JCG. The effect of Korean pine nut oil (PinnoThin™) on food intake, feeding behavior and appetite. A double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Lipids in Health and Disease 2008, 7:6